Peshawar

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About Peshawar:-
Peshawar (Pashto: پېښور Pex̌awar; Hindko: پيشور Pishōr; Urdu: پشاور Pishāwar Urdu About this sound pronunciation (help·info)), also known as Pekhawar, is the capital and largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly known as the North-West Frontier Province), and the administrative centre and economic hub for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Peshawar is situated in a large valley near the eastern end of the Khyber Pass, close to the Pak-Afghan border. Known as "City on the Frontier", Peshawar's strategic location on the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia has made it one of the most culturally vibrant and lively cities in the greater region. Peshawar is irrigated by various canals of the Kabul River and by its right tributary, the Bara River.

Peshawar has now evolved into one of Pakistan's most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities. In the last three decades, there has been a significant increase in urban population, in part due to internal migration of people in search of better employment opportunities, education, and services, and in part because of the influx of Afghans and other people displaced by military operations and civil unrest in neighbouring regions. Peshawar is the major educational, political and business center of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
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Culture:--
Peshawar is the cultural centre of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; its culture has evolved over the years and has been principally influenced by Ghandhara culture, Pakhtun culture and Hindko culture. The province in which Peshawar is located has a population that is predominantly Pakhtun. However, Peshawar itself, up until the 1980s, consisted of a predominantly Hindko-speaking population – Hindko-speaking people are ancient inhabitants of the land. Both the Pakhtun and Hindko cultures share commonalities, with the geographical origins of each forming the basis for distinction – the Hindko-speaking people are mostly urbanites, whereas the majority of Pakhtuns came from rural backgrounds, and differences can therefore be found in customs such as marriage ceremonies and style of living.

With the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s and the influx of Afghan refugees into Pakistan, Peshawar became home for many Afghan musicians and artists. The city has also become the centre for Pashto music and cinema, as well as Dari music for the Tajiks, and a thriving Persian language book-publishing sector is now established in Peshawar; Islamic Shia literature is the primary output of the Peshawar publishing industry and it is located in the Qissa Khawani Bazaar.Sethi Mohallah.

Following the election of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) Islamic coalition in 2002, restrictions on public musical performances was introduced, as well as a ban prohibiting the playing of recorded music on public transport; however, a thriving underground scene has developed in Peshawar. In 2008, the secular political party, the Awami National Party (ANP), swept elections and won power from the Islamic coalition. Since the ANP assumed power in Peshawar, a greater focus has shifted towards the areas of culture and the arts, but the party has been hindered by a well-established conservatism among the population and the Taliban militancy. In June 2012, a Pashto singer, Ghazala Javed, and her father were killed in the city, with the subsequent investigation revealing that the pair were murdered. Javed's career was very successful and her death occurred close to three years after the death of another promising Pashto musical artist, Aiyman Udas, who was also murdered in a fringe area of the city. Such incidents have been associated with Peshawar's conservative culture and the influence of the Taliban, the latter being the reason for Javed's relocation to Peshawar, as the Taliban had strengthened its presence in the Peshawar Valley in 2007.

Historically, the old city of Peshawar was a heavily guarded citadel that consisted of high walls. In the 21st century, only remnants of the walls remain, but the houses and havelis continue to structures of significance. Most of the houses are constructed of unbaked bricks, with the incorporation of wooden structures for protection against earthquakes, with many composed of wooden doors and latticed wooden balconies. Numerous examples of the city's old architecture can still be seen in areas such as Sethi Mohallah. In the old city, located in inner-Peshawar, many historic monuments and bazaars exist in the 21st century, including the Mohabbat Khan Mosque, Kotla Mohsin Khan, Chowk Yadgar and the Qissa Khawani Bazaar. Due to the damage caused by rapid growth and development, the old walled city has been identified as an area that urgently requires restoration and protection. Author, Dr Raj Wali Shah Khattak, a former director of the Pushto Academy and a senior academic at the University of Peshawar, has written in his book, An Intangible Heritage: The Walled City of Peshawar:

To protect the inheritance of the walled city of Peshawar, the establishment of a heritage centre should be a priority. The centre should have audio and visual documentation equipment so that every aspect of culture and life, be it folklore, music, types of instruments, stories, etc., can be recorded. Moreover, visual documentation of customs and traditions should include marriage functions, clothing, lifestyle, manners and habits. Research into the oral nature of life in the bazars and streets, both during the day and at night, should be carried out to preserve this historical record. Fairs, festivals and traditions, both secular and religious, should be included in this record.

The walled city was surrounded by several main gates that served as the main entry points into the city – in January 2012, an announcement was made that the government plans to address the damage that has left the gates largely non-existent over time, with all of the gates targeted for restoration. The numerous gates include: Lahori Gate, Sarasia Gate, Ganj Gate, Sirki Gate, Sard Chah Gate and Kohati Gate. Former gates that were demolished were Kabuli Gate, Berikian Gate, Bajori Gate, Yakatut Gate, Dabgari Gate, Kachahri Gate and Hasht Nagri Gate.
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Famous Educational Institutes:
University of Peshawar
Islamia College University
C Square
Khyber Medical University
University of Peshawar
NWFP University of Engineering and Technology
Agricultural University (Peshawar)
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar Campus (NU-FAST)
IMSciences (Institute of Management Sciences)
Gandhara University
Iqra National University, Peshawar (Formerly Peshawar Campus of Iqra University Karachi)
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List of Places in Peshawar:
Ittehad Colony
Ghari Qamar din or Ghari Qamardin
Hashtnagri
Swati Gate
Chamkani
Badaber
Hayatabad
Gulbhar
Pahari Pura
Sethi Town (Haji Camp)
Momin Town (Dalazak Road)
Latifabad
Budhni
Wadpaga
Temberpura
Nishterabad
Sikander Town
University Town
Danish Abad
Regi Lalma Model town
Tahkal
Abdara, Peshawar
Faqeerabad, Peshawar
Karimpura, Peshawar
Garhikhana, Peshawar
Gulberg, Peshawar
Nothia, Peshawar
Bhana Mari, Peshawar
Kohati Gate
Circular Gate, Peshawar
Dabgari Gate
Afghan Colony
Mulazai
Palosi & Lakarai
Yakatut, Peshawar
Charkhana Road Gul Abad No.2,Nouthia Jadeed
Chaghar Matti
Mathra
Shaindy
Khazana (Khaza sugar mill)
Warsak(Warsak Dam)
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Sportspeople From Peshawar:

Jahangir Khan (Squash)
Jansher Khan (Squash)
Mohibullah Khan (Squash)
Farhan Mehboob (Squash)
Aamir Atlas Khan (Squash)
Hashim Khan (Squash)
Roshan Khan (Squash)
Fazl-e-Akbar (Cricket)
Umar Gul (Cricket)
Arshad Khan (Cricket)
Yasir Hameed (Cricket)
Kabir Khan (cricket)
Musaddiq Hussain (Hockey)
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Medical Facilities (Healthcare):

Numerous public and private hospitals operate in Peshawar. Some of the notable hospitals are listed below:

Lady Reading Hospital
Khyber Teaching Hospital
Hayatabad Medical Complex
Rehman Medical Complex
North-West General Hospital
Sifwat Ghayour Childeren Hospital
Molvi Gee Hospital
AIMS Diabetes Hospital & Research Centre, Phase 5, Hayatabad
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Shopping Markets:

A high number of shopping markets and plazas have been opened in Peshawar. Some of the main shopping markets are listed below:

Peshawar Saddar – the main shopping centre of Peshawar
Qissa Khawani Bazaar – historical bazaar of Peshawar
Karkhano Market – Industrial market of Peshawar
Deans Trade Center – Big shopping Mall of Peshawar
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