Pu'u o Mahuka Heiau State Monument

Puu o Mahuka Heiau State Historic Site on the North Shore of Oahu is the largest heiau on the island, covering 2acre on a hilltop overlooking Waimea Bay and Waimea Valley. Puu o Mahuka means 'Hill of Escape'. Hawaiian legends have it that from this point, Pele (Volcano Goddess) leaped from Oahu to the next island, Molokai. From its commanding heights, sentries could once monitor much of the northern shoreline of Oahu, and even spot signal fires from the Wailua Complex of Heiaus on Kauai, with which it had ties. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1962, when it became the center of a 4acre State park. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.The highest of the three walled enclosures may date to the 17th century, with the lower two enclosures perhaps added during the 18th century. These were times of great conflict, and the upper platform appears to have functioned as a heiau luakini (sacrificial temple) to bring success in war. During the 1770s, the overseer of this heiau was Ka'opulupulu, the high priest of the last independent high chief of Oahu, Kahāhana. In 1792, George Vancouver's ship, HMS Daedalus, anchored near Waimea Bay to collect water. Three men in his shore party were killed in a skirmish with Native Hawaiians, and may have been taken to the heiau as human sacrifices. After Kamehameha I conquered Oahu in 1795, his high priest Hewahewa led religious ceremonies here and the heiau remained in use until the traditional kapu system was abolished in 1819.